1. The difference between box-type substations and box-type transformers
Box-type substations are mainly composed of internal transformers, electric energy metering equipment, and high-voltage and low-voltage switching equipment. , as well as the connecting cables and some auxiliary equipment. In essence, the box-type transformer is not only a simple transformer, but also a small substation, which can also be said to be a distribution station, providing power to designated users. Box-type transformer is mainly composed of transformer room, high-voltage room and low-voltage room. The specific differences are as follows:
1. Box-type substations set transformers and substation equipment together, all in one box. The box-type transformer places these equipment separately and has a distribution room, which requires more construction investment than the box-type transformer.
2. Box-type transformers save certain land resources than box-type substations. Since box-type substations need to build distribution rooms and other buildings, they occupy a larger area than box-type substations. Compared with the two, the box-type substation saves land resources more, but the box-type transformer is set up in a clear order, making it more convenient and clear for maintenance when a fault occurs. Moreover, the daily maintenance of box-type transformers is also simpler and more convenient.
3. The location selection of box-type substations is more flexible and convenient. Since the box-type substation requires a small area and occupies a small area in power engineering, the location selection is flexible and will not affect the appearance of the city too much.
2. What transformers are used in box-type substations
In In a box-type substation, the distribution transformer is one of its most important components, so it is particularly important to choose the appropriate distribution transformer.
The transformer in a box-type transformer is generally a step-down transformer, which generally reduces the voltage of 10KV to 380V/220V. The capacity of the transformer is generally 160~2000KVA. The transformer body is a three-phase three-column or three-phase five-column structure. The advantage of the three-phase five-column distribution transformer is that it has strong ability to carry three-phase asymmetric loads and will not cause neutral point voltage deviation due to three-phase load asymmetry. , the load voltage quality can be guaranteed, and this distribution transformer has good lightning withstand characteristics. The power transformer should have complete operation inspection instruments, such as oil level gauge, upper oil temperature gauge and vacuum pressure gauge reflecting the top air pressure intensity.
At this stage, distribution transformers in box-type substations generally use S11 fully sealed, maintenance-free, low-noise, and cost-effective oil.Immersion transformers, or SCB10, SCB11 dry-type transformers, can also use amorphous alloy transformers. The advantage of this transformer is that the no-load loss is very small, only 1/4~1/3 of other transformers, but the price is slightly more expensive. , however, due to the better performance of amorphous alloy transformers, they will gradually dominate the market in the future.
In box-type substations, transformers are generally arranged in closed compartments. In order to prevent solar radiation from raising the room temperature, insulation materials are added to the surrounding walls and a double-layer plywood structure is used. The top cover is designed with An air floor structure made of air cushions or thermal insulation materials, with internal ventilation ducts and automatic forced exhaust ventilation devices. Usually, the starting and stopping of the device are automatically controlled by the temperature monitoring device in the transformer room, and the temperature setting value is set at 80% to 90% of the allowable temperature; under normal indoor temperatures, natural ventilation is used to dissipate heat. For ventilation, shutters are generally installed on the box of the transformer room. The shutter structure allows airflow to enter and dust is separated. Some also add dust-proof devices to the shutters. In order to prevent the impact of dust on the insulation, insulating protective covers are mostly added to the connections of the transformer.
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